WEBVTT

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Here is the problem: A 3 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides and sticks to a 2 kg object moving at 5 m/s. What is their common velocity?

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One-dimensional collision; positive velocities point one way, negative the other.

3
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Total momentum before.

4
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Perfectly inelastic: the objects move together.

5
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Kinetic energy before and after.

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So the answer is v equals 8 m/s (perfectly inelastic; 15 J of kinetic energy lost, 8.571 percent).

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Momentum is conserved in every collision when no external force acts. Kinetic energy is conserved only in elastic collisions; in a perfectly inelastic collision the objects stick together and the maximum possible kinetic energy is converted to heat, sound and deformation.

8
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Momentum before 40 equals after 40 kg times m/s, which checks out.