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Here is the problem: A number increased by 12 is 31. Find the number.

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Let x be the number: “a number increased by 12” becomes x plus 12.

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Read the problem. Let x be the unknown number. “a number increased by 12 is 31” translates to x plus 12 equals 31.

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Solve the linear equation. 1x plus 12 equals 31 → x equals (31 minus 12) / 1 equals 19.

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So the answer is The number is 19.

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Let x be the number: “a number increased by 12” becomes x plus 12.

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Substitute x equals 19: (19) plus 12 equals 31, which checks out.