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DerivativesCalculusCollegeabout 1:00

Evaluate second derivative of cos(3x): animated lesson

A narrated, step-by-step derivatives video lesson with captions. Final answer: f''(x) = -(9cos(3x)).

Video with a synthetic English voice and captions. Pick another language for subtitles in that language, or open the interactive version.

Video narrated by a synthetic voice (Piper TTS, en_US-ljspeech-high voice (LJ Speech dataset, public domain)); the steps come from our maths engine and the answer was checked independently. Download MP4 (0.4 MB) · Captions (WebVTT)

Steps on screen

  1. 1. The problem
    Finding a derivative
    d2dx2[cos⁡(3x)]\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}}\left[\cos\left(3x\right)\right]
  2. 2. Steps, part 1
    1. ddx[cos⁡(3x)]\frac{d}{dx}\left[\cos\left(3x\right)\right]
      Derivative number 1
    2. ddx[cos⁡(3x)]=−(3sin⁡(3x))\frac{d}{dx}\left[\cos\left(3x\right)\right] = -\left(3\sin\left(3x\right)\right)
      Chain rule — d/dx[cos u] = −sin u · u′
    3. ddx[3x]=3\frac{d}{dx}\left[3x\right] = 3
      Constant multiple rule
    4. f′(x)=−(3sin⁡(3x))f'(x) = -\left(3\sin\left(3x\right)\right)
      Simplify the first derivative
  3. 3. Steps, part 2
    1. ddx[−(3sin⁡(3x))]\frac{d}{dx}\left[-\left(3\sin\left(3x\right)\right)\right]
      Derivative number 2
    2. ddx[3sin⁡(3x)]=9cos⁡(3x)\frac{d}{dx}\left[3\sin\left(3x\right)\right] = 9\cos\left(3x\right)
      Constant multiple rule
    3. ddx[sin⁡(3x)]=3cos⁡(3x)\frac{d}{dx}\left[\sin\left(3x\right)\right] = 3\cos\left(3x\right)
      Chain rule — d/dx[sin u] = cos u · u′
    4. ddx[3x]=3\frac{d}{dx}\left[3x\right] = 3
      Constant multiple rule
  4. 4. Steps, part 3
    1. f′′(x)=−(9cos⁡(3x))f''(x) = -\left(9\cos\left(3x\right)\right)
      Simplify the second derivative
  5. 5. The answer
    f′′(x)=−(9cos⁡(3x))f''(x) = -\left(9\cos\left(3x\right)\right)

    f''(x) = -(9cos(3x))

  6. 6. Check
    • Cross-checked numerically against an independent symbolic differentiator at 8 sample points ✓

Transcript

The problem. Here is the problem: cos(3x). Find the second derivative of cos(3 x) with respect to x.

Steps, part 1. Derivative number 1. Chain rule — d by d x[cos u] equals negative sin u times u prime. Constant multiple rule. Simplify the first derivative.

Steps, part 2. Derivative number 2. Constant multiple rule. Chain rule — d by d x[sin u] equals cos u times u prime. Constant multiple rule.

Steps, part 3. Simplify the second derivative.

The answer. So the answer is f prime prime (x) equals -(9cos(3x)). The derivative is built from the outside in: sums split into terms, constants factor out, products and quotients use their rules, and every composite function multiplies by the derivative of its inside (chain rule).

Check. Cross-checked numerically against an independent symbolic differentiator at 8 sample points, which checks out.

About derivatives

Differentiate with the power, product, quotient and chain rules, including higher derivatives.

Evaluate second derivative of cos(3x): Derivatives Lesson